|
|
世界中の5大サイバー犯罪地域
|
Russia
Crime syndicates in Russia use some of the most technologically advanced
tools in the trade, according to Sherry. “The Russians are at the top
of the food chain when it comes to elite cyberskill hacking
capabilities,” he says. Even before the latest revelations of stolen
online records, the United States charged a Russian man, Evgeniy Bogachev,
of participating in a large-scale operation to infect hundreds of
thousands of computers around the world. The massive data breach of the
retailer Target last year has also been traced to Eastern Europe.
But why Russia, and its smaller neighbors? Trained computer engineers
and skilled techies in Russia and countries like Ukraine and Romania may
be opting for lucrative underground work instead of the often
low-paying I.T. jobs available there. But the Russian government has in
the past also been less than helpful
in helping U.S. authorities track down wanted cybercriminals. “The key
really is the lack of law enforcement environment, the feeling that you
can do almost anything and get away with it,” says Dmitri Alperovitch, a
Russia-born U.S. citizen and co-founder and CTO of security firm
CrowdStrike. “They were able to grow and evolve into organized
enterprises.”
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
China
China is considered to be another stalwart hotbed for hackers, though
the spotlight has primarily fallen not on gangs of criminals, but on the
Chinese government, which has been linked to economic and political espionage against the U.S. In May, the Justice Department moved to charge
five Chinese government officials with orchestrating cyberattacks
against six major U.S. companies. Unaffiliated Chinese hackers have also
posed a problem inside and outside the country, but according to
Alperovitch there’s a surprisingly low presence relative to the size of
the country. “We can speculate as to why, but the most likely reason is
that the people that are identified doing this activity by the Chinese
government get recruited to do this full time for the government,” he
says.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brazil
Sherry calls Brazil “an emerging cybercrime economy.”
Cybercriminals there and across South America are increasingly learning
from their counterparts in Eastern Europe via underground forums.
They’ll also pay for Eastern European tools to use in their own attacks,
using highly complex Russian-made software that Sherry says can include
millions of lines of code. That black market has become so
sophisticated that Eastern European hackers now provide I.T. support for
customers buying their malware, according to Sherry. So far, most of
the attacks that originate in Brazil target local individuals and firms,
including the recently reported cybertheft
of billions of dollars from an online payment system. “The question is,
when will that change?” says Jim Lewis, a senior fellow at the
Strategic Technologies Program at the Center for Strategic and
International Studies.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nigeria
The original home of low-tech scam emails remains a key player in
underground cyber activity and has become a destination for
international cybercrime syndicates, according to Sherry. Authorities in
Nigeria and other African countries have been slow to crackdown on
scammers and hackers, even as more people connect to the Internet. “It’s
proving to be a very comfortable environment for cybercriminals to set
up shop, operate, and carry out their illegal activities,” Sherry says.
Recent efforts by President Jonathan Goodluck to legislate cybercrime in Nigeria have served to push some of the activity into other countries in the region, such as Ghana.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vietnam
Tech firms in Southeast Asia have a long history of working with Western
software firms and other tech companies, Sherry says, meaning there is a
broad base of tech expertise there. “People who are really good
software engineers, those people are going to be naturals when it comes
to taking off the ‘white hat’ and putting on the ‘black hat,’ Sherry
says. In Vietnam, where the I.T. industry has expanded at a rapid rate in the last decade, a hacker allegedly masterminded
the theft of up to 200 million personal records in the U.S. and Europe
that included Social Security numbers, credit card data and bank account
information. The communist government there has also been recruiting local hackers to spy on journalists, dissidents, and activists, according to the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
|
|
|
|